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IRS collections & back taxes

IRS collection almost always follows a sequence of notices. Understanding where you are in that sequence—and what tools exist at each stage—is what prevents a manageable balance from turning into a wage levy or a frozen bank account. If you are getting letters, you still have options; they just narrow as the process advances.

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The collection notice sequence

Collection typically starts with a balance-due notice and progresses through reminders to a final notice of intent to levy, which carries the right to a Collection Due Process hearing. That final notice is the pivotal one: it starts a short window to request a hearing that pauses levy action and puts your case in front of a settlement officer. Recognizing which notice you are holding tells us how much time you actually have.

Installment agreements and alternatives

Depending on your balance, filing history, and finances, options may include a streamlined installment agreement, a partial-payment installment agreement, or currently-not-collectible status when allowable expenses exceed your income under IRS standards. A direct-debit agreement can also reduce fees and lower the chance of default. We match the arrangement to what you can realistically sustain, because a plan you cannot maintain simply resets the problem.

Penalty relief

Failure-to-file and failure-to-pay penalties can add up to a substantial share of a balance. First-time penalty abatement and reasonable-cause relief may be available depending on your history and circumstances. We evaluate whether pursuing abatement is worthwhile as part of the overall plan.

Currently-not-collectible status

If paying anything toward the debt would prevent you from covering necessary living expenses, the IRS may place your account in currently-not-collectible status. Collection pauses while you are in that status, though interest continues to accrue and the balance remains until resolved or until the collection statute expires.

Acting before enforced collection

If you have received a Notice of Intent to Levy or a similar final notice, timelines are measured in days, not months. Contact us promptly so we can review the account and respond before wage garnishment or a bank levy takes effect, and before you lose the appeal rights that come with that notice.

Frequently asked questions

Can the IRS take money directly from my paycheck or bank account?

Yes. After a final notice of intent to levy and the passing of the appeal window, the IRS can garnish wages continuously and levy bank accounts. A bank levy typically involves a holding period before funds are sent, which sometimes leaves a narrow window to intervene.

How long does the IRS have to collect back taxes?

Generally ten years from the date the tax was assessed—the collection statute expiration date. Certain events, such as a pending offer or bankruptcy, can pause and extend that clock. Where you are on it affects which strategy makes sense.

What if I cannot afford to pay anything right now?

You may qualify for currently-not-collectible status, which pauses active collection when paying would leave you unable to meet basic living expenses. It is not permanent forgiveness, but it can provide breathing room while you stabilize.

Do I have to file all my past returns before setting up a plan?

Usually, yes. The IRS generally requires filing compliance before approving an installment agreement or other relief. Filing accurate returns can also lower a balance the IRS estimated through a substitute return.